Chemical and Materials Research

Urea is produced with a combination of carbon dioxide and ammonia. It is a highly-efficient nitrogen fertilizer used in agriculture for ground treatment and top-dressing and is also used for all soil types and crop plants. Urea significantly increases agricultural yield. In the industry application, it is used for the production of plastics, glues and resins. Urea also finds application as ruminant's forage additive agent. Urea is used as a raw material for the manufacture materials such as urea-formaldehyde resins and urea-melamine-formaldehyde used in marine plywood.  Urea is the world's most commonly used nitrogen fertilizer and indeed more urea is manufactured by mass than any other organic chemical. Containing 46% N, it is the most concentrated nitrogen fertilizer, and is readily available as free-flowing prills (granules). It is the cheapest form of nitrogen fertilizer to transport and it is also the least likely to 'cake'. It is therefore favoured in developing c...

Wood pellets are an eco-friendly solid fuel made from compacted sawdust and related industry waste from the milling of lumber. Wood pellets have many advantages over fossil fuel as they are produced from renewable materials such as wood shaving and sawdust. They are utilized in varied settings and applications, such as home heating appliances and large-scale boilers in commercial operations. Wood pellets are available in a smaller size, easy to store and produce a minimal amount of ash. Cordwood, wood pellets, wood chips, waste paper, along with dozens of other agricultural products and by-products capable of being used for energy, are all examples of biomass fuel. The most compelling principle of biomass is that it is renewable. The remarkable consistency and burn efficiency of pellet fuel produce a fraction of the particulate emissions of raw biomass. Pellet burners feature the lowest particulate matter emissions of all solid fuels burners. Given the proper Sustainable Forest Initia...

Plastic recycling is the process of recovering and reprocessing plastic waste into some useful products. A large amount of plastic usage and harmful impact of plastic waste on the environment have led to the necessity of the plastic recycling processes. Recycled plastics are used in wide ranges of goods including plastic bottles, carry bags, office accessories and drainage pipes, among others. Recycled plastic also finds broad applicability in various end-use industries including textiles, packaging and automotive. Plastic recycling has become an increasingly important sector of recycling, but it would be hard to declare it a great success story from an environmental perspective. Less than 9% of plastic generation from the U.S. Municipal Solid Waste stream was recycled in 2018.Ocean plastic and plastic shopping bags still present major global challenges. Click Here | Download PDF Copy Businesses that want to have a positive environmental impact should stay informed on the global impact...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is defined as a water purification method which is mainly used to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles from water. This technology incorporates a semi-permeable membrane, which is composed of cellulose and other materials. These membranes helps to eliminate dissolved salts or organic molecules. Such membranes are used across several application bases such as brackish water treatment, desalination of seawater, industrial water treatment and many others. It is considered to be most economical and practical technique of purifying and treating drinking water. Click Here | Download PDF Copy for Reverse Osmosis Membrane Reverse osmosis (RO) and Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are commonly used as a filtration method to remove many types of dissolved solids (large molecules and ions) from solutions by applying pressure to the solution when it is on one side of a selective membrane. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane and...

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) basically is a technology that has the potential of capturing approximately 90% of the carbon dioxide emissions produced by the use of fossil fuels in industrial processes and electricity generation that helps in preventing the carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere. The CCS chain consists of mainly three parts known as the capturing of the carbon dioxide, transportation of the carbon dioxide and storage of carbon dioxide emissions in deep saline aquifer formations or underground in depleted oil and gas fields. The use of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) as a viable mitigation strategy for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in fossil-fuel power plants and discusses the impacts on the sustainability of freshwater resources. While CCS technology can significantly mitigate anthropogenic GHG emissions, CCS installations are expected to impose new water stresses due to additional water requirements for chemical and physical processes t...

Potash is a type of salt which is mined, manufactured, and contain potassium in water-soluble form. A fertilizer is a material of natural or synthetic origin. It is applied to soils to supply plant nutrients essential for the healthy growth of plants. Potash fertilizer is a type of fertilizer which is used in a variety of foods and chloride loving vegetables like beets, celery, swiss chard and other plants that are pliable to chloride. Potash fertilizer provides immunity to plants against multifarious diseases. Sulfate of potash (SOP) and muriate of potash (MOP) are the most common variety of potash fertilizers used by farmers to grow crops. Potash fertilizers can also be recycled within the earth itself. Click Here | For PDF Copy Best Fertilizer for Your Plants Potassium plays an important role in regulating plant growth. The fertilizer application also has a positive impact on the disease resistance of the plant. It is an organic matter which will help you do away with problems such ...

Hydrogen peroxide is a colorless compound which is usually produced as aqueous solutions of different strengths. Hydrogen peroxide is eco-friendly, non-corrosive compound. Due to less aggressive effect hydrogen peroxide on fabric dyes, it is extensively used as bleaching agents. Hydrogen peroxide is also utilized as oxidizer and antiseptic. Hydrogen peroxide is produced by hydrolysis of ammonium persulfate. Hydrogen peroxide is also applied for the bleaching process of wood pulp, rocket propellant, etc. Industries such as pulp and paper, healthcare, personal care, food processing, textile, etc. has wide application for hydrogen peroxide. Click Here | For PDF Copy Uses & Benefits Hydrogen peroxide is used as an antimicrobial agent and an oxidizing agent. It is also used as an OTC antiseptic to clean wounds. In personal care products, such as colorants and toothpastes, hydrogen peroxide works as an oxidizing agent, offering a lightening/whitening effect. Hydrogen Peroxide is used thr...